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Nacionalismo (Argentine political movement) : ウィキペディア英語版 | Nacionalismo (Argentine political movement)
''Nacionalismo'' was a far-right Argentine nationalist movement that around 1910 grew out of the "traditionalist" position, which was based on nostalgia for feudal economic relations and a more "organic" social order. It became a significant force in Argentine politics beginning in the 1930s.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 32.〕 ''Nacionalismo'' was typically centred upon support of order, hierarchy, corporatism, militant Catholicism, support of the landed estates, combined with the hatred of liberalism, leftism, Freemasonry, feminism, Jews and foreigners.〔Sandra McGee Deutsch, Ronald H. Dolkart. ''The Argentine right: its history and intellectual origins, 1910 to the present''. SR Books, 1993. Pp. xvi.〕 It denounced liberalism and democracy as the prelude to communism.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 32.〕 ''Nacionalismo'' was strongly influenced by Maurrassism and Spanish clericalism as well as by Italian Fascism and Nazism.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 32-33.〕 After the 1930 Argentine coup d'etat, ''Nacionalistas'' firmly supported the entrenchment of an authoritarian corporatist state led by a military leader.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 34.〕 ''Nacionalistas'' often refused to take part in elections because of their opposition to elections as derivative of liberalism.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 33.〕 Its advocates were writers, journalists, a few politicians and many colonels and other junior military officers; the latter supported the Nationalists largely because, for most of their existence, they saw in the military the only potential political savior of the country. ==Ideology== ''Nacionalismo'' supported a "return to tradition, to the past, to sentiments authentically Argentine, ... () the reintegration of the nation with these essential values", these essential values included Roman Catholicism, claiming that to the Church "the Nation should be linked as the body to the soul".〔 David Rock. ''Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact''. Berkeley, California, USA: University of California Press, 1993. Pp. 100.〕 ''Nacionalismo'' opposed secular education, accusing it of being "Masonic laicism", and supported clerical control of education.〔 David Rock. ''Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact''. Berkeley, California, USA: University of California Press, 1993. Pp. 100.〕 ''Nacionalismo'' based its twin policy of opposition to liberalism and socialism along with promotion of social justice on the papal encyclicals of 1891 (''Rerum novarum'') and 1931 (''Quadragesimo anno'').〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 33.〕 ''Nacionalismo'' supported improving relations between the social classes to achieve the Catholic ideal of an organic, "harmonious" society.〔Leslie Bethell. ''The Cambridge History of Latin America: 1930 to Present''. Volume VIII. Cambridge, England, UK; New York, New York, USA; Oakleigh, Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Pp. 33.〕
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